The mechanization and automation of the welding process is an important development in modern welding technology. It not only signifies higher welding production efficiency and better welding quality, but also greatly improves production labor conditions. The main welding actions in manual arc welding process are igniting the arc, feeding the welding rod to maintain a certain arc length, moving the arc forward, and extinguishing the arc. If these actions are all automatically completed by the machine, it is called automatic welding.
(1) High production efficiency. Submerged arc welding can use higher currents, with strong penetration ability of the arc and deep weld penetration. Submerged arc welding has concentrated heat, fast welding speed, and production efficiency 5-10 times higher than manual arc welding.
(2) The welding quality is high and stable. Welding specifications can be automatically controlled and adjusted to maintain stability. The solder has a good protective effect, preventing air from damaging the molten metal. With the addition of high current, the molten metal reacts fully with the slag, resulting in a uniform composition. The submerged arc welding seam has high metal quality, stable performance, and beautiful appearance.
(3) Save materials and electricity consumption. The arc burns under the solder layer, reducing heat loss and energy consumption. In addition, during the welding of medium and thin plates, there is no need to open a groove, and there is no splashing loss of the welding wire metal or electrode head, which can save a lot of welding metal materials.
(4) Improve working conditions and reduce labor intensity. Because the arc burns under the flux layer, the arc light cannot be seen during welding, and the welding smoke is also very small, so the working conditions have been greatly improved.
(5) Due to the invisibility of the arc zone during submerged arc welding, strict requirements are placed on the processing of joints and the assembly of workpieces. Submerged arc welding generally requires welding in a flat position, and it is difficult to use submerged arc welding for narrow welds and thin plate welds.
Automatic welding machines have been widely used in fields such as plastics, automotive manufacturing, metal processing, hardware and appliances, steel structures, pressure vessels, mechanical processing and manufacturing, shipbuilding, aerospace, etc. After the application of automatic welding machines, the appearance and internal quality of welded parts have been greatly improved, and the stability of quality has been ensured while reducing labor intensity, improving the working environment, reducing manual welding skill requirements and production costs, and increasing production efficiency
